An Inconvenient Truth

In Mr. Al Gore’s movie named An Inconvenient Truth, he tried to warn the world about the danger of global warming to our planet. Global warming is simply caused by the increased level of CO₂ in our environment. The outer layer that reflects part of the sun heat back to the earth, get thicker and thicker with CO₂ production. As a result, more heat will be kept inside the atmosphere.  This has a very tremendous affect on planet’s life. For example, one of the obvious concerns that the world is worried about is flooding. Simply, as the earth’s temperature increases, the water level increases due to the melting of icebergs. Hurricanes and typhoons are other consequences of this problem.

Mr. Al Gore explained to all parties against him who are claiming that economy will be affected dramatically by over considering the issue of global warming that economy and global warming never against each other. In fact, they work together for better results, for instant; he compared the automobile industry between United States and Japan. In Japan, they do have very restricted standers and limits compared to United States for CO₂ releases from factories. Yet, Japan’s automobiles business is more profitable than US automobiles.

Corrective actions have to be taken for this problem in order to reduce the level of CO2. The first and the most important is increase people awareness about the issue of global warming. Other very cost effective solution is to considering more plantations in our environment. As we have more and more tress, high CO2 treatment and reduction.

Clarification for the Low performace of Makeup Exam

Dear Professor,

As an answer to your concern regarding the low average score of the Friday makeup exam, I can think of many reasons that could be behind that performance. Most of the attendees of this makeup exam were employed as either full-time or part-time jobs and taking exams after working hours could reduce their concentration resulting in lower scores in their exams. Moreover, the makeup exam was offered on Friday late afternoon and many of the students usually at that time get ready for their weekend family visit outside the city. So, they may have rushed their exam just to have enough time for their trip. In addition, the class's room temperature during exams could have been a main player to student performance. During the makeup exam, the temperature was about 28 degC.!!

I wish that could clarify the issue to you, and for any further clarifications please do not hesitate to contact me....

Best Regards;

Your TA...

Killing Whales

The four charts in the next page represent the number of whales killed in the period between 1950 and 1985. It is very clear that the larges type of whales “Blue Whales” was the preferable type to be killed. Starting on 1950, approximately 8,000 Blue whales were killed compared to the 4,000 smaller size Sei whales killed at that period taking into account the ratio of three to one between the Blue whales and the Sei Whales specie. This rate kept decreasing very sharply due to the massive exploiting of Blue whales to almost zero at 1970. As the largest mammal on earth almost extinct, other smaller size whales become the only option to hunters. The Fin whales for example in char two was at very high saturated rate of approximately 35,000 whales killed every year starting from 1955 up to 1960. This high number was a very clear indication of overcoming the shortage in large Blue whales with smaller sizes at that period. As the number start decreasing early on 1960, the Sperm and Sei whales, which smaller than the Fin whales, were peaking at 30,000 whales per year between 1965 and 1970. 

Metaphor

According to Lackoff, metaphor is universal, critical and physical common cumulative experiences formed subconsciously within every one's childhood. It is not only a language we speak. We think and visualize metaphors. It is formed in our minds when two parts of our brain formed a closed ring, such as emotions and body temperature, quantities and physical directions, taste and physical simplicity.

Citation Classification

In my opinion, the best way to classify the citations theroies is to divived them to two gourps; the citied author and the citing author. For the citied auther, citation will protect his copyrights from plaigrism. It will work as a mutual rwarding system for his contribution (Ravetz 1971). And, the are a way to show respect to other authors.

On the other hand, the writer of the article himself will benefit from citation as well. As per Gilbert, citations are tools of persuasion; writers use citations to give their statement great authority (Gilbert 1977). Citation can proof the author qualifications of his subject, when, he cites great scholars work in his research (Baveals 1978). Moreover, citation can help a lot during introduction structure, it can create research space for the citing author by reflecting other research done in this field (Swales 1990).

Introduction Structure for Academic Paper

A rhetoric for professional writing: Global Writing

Gervasi, Anne. 1992. A rhetoric for professional writing: Global writing. Ph.D. diss., Texas Woman's University, http://search.proquest.com/docview/304016229?accountid=11243 (accessed September 20, 2011). View this document in ProQuest

A contrastive rhetoric study of Arabic and English research article introductions

Al-Qahtani, Abdulkhaleq. 2006. A contrastive rhetoric study of arabic and english research article introductions. Ph.D. diss., Oklahoma State University, http://search.proquest.com/docview/304939944?accountid=11243 (accessed September 20, 2011). View this document in ProQuest

"Why Societies Collapses" by Dr. Jared Diamond

In the presentation titled "Why Societies Collapse" presented by Jared Diamond in TED Talks, Diamond started his speech with few examples of collapsed societies in history such as the Easter Islanders and the classic Maya and the Yucatan. Then, he expressed the last decade scientist belief in climate changes as the causes behind these collapses. However, Diamond had a different view in regards to the factors of collapse where he explained five factors and how we can contribute to minimize the effect of them.

Human impact on environments was the first factor such as deforesting to make iron by the Vikings. The second was climate changes. Third is good relations with neighboring societies who extend their support to weak societies. Fourth, relations with hostile societies. The last factor, some cultural, political and social factors.

Moreover, he stated two generalizations behind these collapses that are not controllable by us. The well-known fact that societies collapse as they reached their peak.  And the uncontrollable climate changes such as earthquakes, hurricanes and volcanoes.

By analyzing all factors and studying the history of these collapsed societies, Diamond discussed two important reasons why the people of these societies could not prevent or at least minimize the consequences of the elements behind the fall of these civilizations. First is the conflict of interest between the short-term interests of the societies’ leaders and the long-term interests for the whole community. Second is the disagreement between the good decisions and some of the societies’ valued beliefs such as religion.

At the end of his presentation, he explored the two possible directions available to resolve the issue. Either by our will to do the necessary actions to rectify the problem or against our will by different means such as war, hunger and disease.